Authorship

The Authorship system confers both credit and responsibility for the content of published work. Recognition and accountability are inherently linked. Authorship should be based on a factual account of contributions to the work. All forms of intellectual output, including text, data, and images, whether in print or digital formats are subject to authorship criteria.
Authorship also implies accountability for the published work. Individuals who have made significant intellectual contributions should be listed as authors. Responsible authors acknowledge their roles and accept responsibility for the work. While authorship standards help reduce ambiguity regarding contributions, they do not define the quantity or type of input required to qualify as an author.

 

Criteria for Authorship
The list of authors should include only those who made substantial intellectual contributions to the study, including the formulation of the research question, study design, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript preparation. Authorship is reserved for individuals who have meaningfully advanced the field.
Tasks such as technical assistance, translation, participant recruitment, material supply, funding acquisition, or administrative oversight do not qualify as authorship, though such contributions may be acknowledged in the manuscript. One author (often called the "guarantor") should take overall responsibility for the integrity of the entire work. While the corresponding author typically manages the submission and communication during peer review, other authors may also share these duties.
All authors must approve the final version of the manuscript. Ideally, each author should have a general understanding of the entire work. However, since contemporary research is often conducted by teams with diverse expertise, not every author may be an expert in every aspect of the study. Thus, some authors' contributions may be limited to specific parts of the work.

 

Number of Authors, Order of Names, and Authorship Disputes
The TANRA editorial board does not limit the number of authors per manuscript. Both single, and multi-author submissions are accepted. Manuscripts with multiple authors often benefit from a broader scientific perspective, particularly when contributors are diverse (come from different institutions or disciplines).
In such cases, a section titled "Authors' Contributions" should be included, as not all authors contribute equally to every aspect of the study, from experiment design and data collection to interpretation and manuscript approval.
Each listed author must meet the established authorship criteria. The Editor-in-Chief may request detailed descriptions of each author’s contributions and justification for inclusion. If there is evidence of nepotism or unwarranted authorship, the Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to remove names from the final accepted manuscript. Authors are responsible for determining the order of names. They are best positioned to judge the nature of their contributions. Unless otherwise stated, readers should not assume that the order of authorship reflects the magnitude of contributions.
Authorship disputes should ideally be resolved by the authors before submitting the manuscript for peer review. In exceptional cases, the Editor-in-Chief may help mediate unresolved issues. If any changes to the authorship list or order are proposed during the review or publication process, all original authors must submit formal written consent supporting the changes.

 

CONFLICT OF INTEREST
A section titled "Conflict of Interest" must be included at the end of the submitted manuscript, immediately preceding the references. This section should disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest related to the submission, review, acceptance, or funding of the manuscript. All contributing authors must approve the content of this section.